Africa Rising 21st Century

            Some places on Earth are situated in the wrong area.   Either it lies in a geographically dangerous zone or it happens to be in the midst of political upheaval.   Goma , the capital of North Kivu Province in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) fits both unfortunate categories. Located on the northern shore of Lake Kivu, next to the Rwandan city of Gisenyi, it lies in the Albertine rift, the western branch of the East African Rift system. Goma lies perhaps less than 11 miles south of the active Nyiragongo Volcano. In addition to recent volcanic eruptions, the people of Goma have been plagued by the 1994 Rwandan genocide and its aftermath.   It seems Goma residents constantly are presented by one crisis after another.                 The First Congo War (1996–1997), also nicknamed Africa's First World War, was a civil war as well as an international military conflict that took place mostly in what was then known as Zaire (present-day DRC) with major sp

              Many of us who have traveled widely in Africa have been asked to recommend a first place to go on the continent by new Africa sojourners.   I often say Egypt or Kenya, but many will suggest they go to South Africa because it is the most Western-friendly, with many modern conveniences, numerous English speakers, many great hotels and museums and Western food choices along with Africa fare.   I often refer to it as “Africa lite” for those very reasons.   However, recent events in South Africa have revealed the truth: despite the notable heroism of Nelson Mandela, his fellow liberation leaders and the success in the movement for majority rule, South Africa is a deeply divided nation between haves and have-nots and those who embrace democracy and those who favor a more authoritarian style of government that loots this nation’s vast resources and economic opportunities.   And the façade of a country whose people all enjoy the blessings they have in abundance has now been rip

              Terrorist organizations have operated around the world for decades – in the Americas, Europe and Asia.   However, the now-rapid spread of terrorism in Africa with international links is a relatively recent phenomenon.   Groups such al-Shabaab and Boko Haram began as opponents to the ruling governments in their countries, either because of perceived misrule or because of religious discrimination in some form.             However, the rise of international terrorist organizations such as the Islamic State (IS) and al-Qaeda offered the chance to link with a much larger, more international organization.   The success of IS in the Middle East in building a territory labeled a caliphate was attractive to local groups struggling to survive and grow in their own countries.   Still, as a point was made during a recent American Enterprise Institute (AEI) seminar on African terrorist groups, even when local groups pledged allegiance to the international sponsor, there was usually

              The world is full of crises, so many in fact that some drop off the radar screen.   When I worked in Congress, South Sudan and Mali were at or near the top of the list of concerns.   Nigeria has not faded from that list, but a lack of solutions has caused its several crises to fade in public discussion if not public concern.   But what I want to present now is an African crisis that has always deserved far more attention than it has received, and that is the ongoing perilous situation in the Central African Republic (CAR).               This country is experiencing a humanitarian crisis, an overload of violence largely due to ongoing civil conflict and a governance predicament.   According to a statement by Mankeur Ndiaye, CAR Special Representative and Head of the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission (MINUSCA), the country is experiencing an "unprecedented humanitarian crisis", with 57 percent of the population requiring aid, a quarter of the